The Complete Photographic Guide to Birds of the World Abridged Edition (770 of 9702 possible species)
A little less abridged every year
Bird photos taken by Marcus G. Martin on various birding trips to places including Antarctica, Canada, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, South Africa,
and the United States of America.
Latest Photo Additions: Panama birds from February 2009.
Copyright for all photos on this site belongs to Marcus G. Martin.
All birds shown here (except the Whooping Cranes) were photographed free and in the wild.
Prints and publication rights are available in the sales center
if you see a photo you'd like to use for a publication, presentation, or to cover a stain on the wall.
This site has now finished a refurbishment to bring the quality (and therefore the file size) of the photos up to a publication level.
The file names begin with the common English name of the bird, and are then are followed either by the
year the photograph was taken (which means it was a digital picture) or a code that identifies the roll of film. These codes are sometimes followed by
a description of the photograph when there are multiple photos of the same bird species taken on the same day (digital) or on the same roll of film.
If you believe that any birds have been misidentified please let me know.
Feel free to send comments about the site to me at towhee@photobirder.com.
Mystery Birds has its own subpage. Take a look and voice your opinions about these bird photos.
The photos are arranged according to Sibley and Monroe taken from the file provided at
The Sibley/Monroe World List of Bird Names. The first line of each bird entry below contains the
Sibley-Monroe number, common English name, and scientific name. Avian taxonomy is still fluid and other authors occasionally use different english
common names, or even have different scientific names. Where present, these are also listed along with a reference to a work
(often a field guide) that uses the alternate name.
In addition, several bird species have either been split into multiple species by other authorities, or can be broken into multiple subspecies that
are distinguishable in the field.
These are listed here as "forms" under the parent Sibley and Monroe species name (for a potential total of 9702 species).
This is done for convenience and does not reflect an opinion on which forms deserve full species status.
References
-
A Guide to the Birds of Panama, Second Edition,
Robert S. Ridgely and John A. Gwynne, Jr.,
Princeton University Press,
Princeton, New Jersey
(1989)
ISBN 0-691-02512-6
-
Distribution and Taxonomy of Birds of the World,
Charles G. Sibley and Burt L. Monroe Jr.,
Yale University Press,
New Haven and London,
(1990)
ISBN 0-300-04969-2
-
Illustrated Guide to the Birds of Southern Africa,
Ian Sinclair, Phil Hockey, and Warwick Tarboton,
Princeton University Press,
Princeton, New Jersey
(1993)
ISBN 0-691-04469-4
-
A Guide to the Birds of Mexico and Northern Central America,
Steve N. G. Howell and Sophie Webb,
Oxford University Press,
Oxford, New York, Tokyo,
(1995)
ISBN 0-19-854012-4
-
National Audubon Society The Sibley Guide to Birds,
David Allen Sibley,
Alfred A. Knopf, Inc.,
New York,
(2000)
ISBN 0-679-45122-6
-
Fugle I Felten,
Killian Mullarney, Lars Svensson, Dan Zetterström, and Peter J. Grant,
Lindhardt og Ringhof,
København,
(2006)
ISBN-10: 87-614-0391-1
ISBN-13: 978-614-0391-9
Photographic Equipment
- Prior to March 1996: An old 35mm point and shoot so pathetic that someone once asked me how many cereal box tops I had to trade in to get it.
- April 1996 - November 1998: Canon EOS (film) Rebel with a Canon 75mm to 300mm zoom lens.
- December 1998 - June 2007: Canon EOS (film) Rebel with a Tamron 200mm to 400mm zoom lens.
- July 2007 - present: Canon EOS (digital) Rebel XTi with either a Tamron 200mm to 400mm lens or a Canon 100mm Macro lens
- Except for the December 2007 Copenhagen photos which were taken with a digital Mactiva
1 Struthionidae: Ostrich
1: Ostrich Struthio camelus
5 Tinamidae: Tinamous
21: Little Tinamou Crypturellus soui
- Little Tinamou Camino del Oleoducto (Pipeline Road), Gamboa, Panama, August 2008
6 Cracidae: Guans
58: Plain Chachalaca Ortalis vetula
59: Grey-headed Chachalaca or Gray-headed Chachalaca Ortalis cinereiceps
101: Great Curassow Crax rubra
8 Phasianidae: Grouse and Allies
269: Common Pheasant Phasianus colchicus
or Ring-necked Pheasant Phasianus colchicus [Sibley 2000]
285: Spruce Grouse Dendragapus canadensis
or Spruce Grouse Falcipennis canadensis [Sibley 2000]
287: Willow Ptarmigan Lagopus lagopus
296: Ruffed Grouse Bonasa umbellus
301: Wild Turkey Meleagris gallopavo
9 Numididae: Guineafowls
305: Helmeted Guineafowl Numida meleagris
10 Odontophoridae: New World Quails
313: Scaled Quail Callipepla squamata
- Scaled Quail Embudito Trail - Albuquerque, New Mexico, August 1998
316: Gambel's Quail Callipepla gambelii
318: Northern Bobwhite Colinus virginianus
13 Dendrocygnidae: Whistling-Ducks
349: White-faced Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna viduata
14 Anatidae: Ducks and Allies
354: Ruddy Duck Oxyura jamaicensis
368: Mute Swan Cygnus olor
367: Trumpeter Swan Cygnus buccinator
368: Tundra Swan Cygnus columbianus
377: Snow Goose Anser caerulescens
- Snow Geese (preening) Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico, January 2009
- Snow Geese (white phase in flight)
Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico, January 2008
- Snow Geese (two white phase in flight)
Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico, January 2008
- Snow Geese (white phase in flight with neck band)
Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico, January 2008
- Snow Geese (dark phase in flight) Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge New Mexico, December 2005
- Snow Geese (white phase in flight) Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge New Mexico, December 2005
378: Ross's Goose Anser rossii
381: Canada Goose Branta canadensis
405: Spur-winged Goose Plectropterus gambensis
414: Wood Duck Aix sponsa
- Wood Duck (male and female with Mallards) Rio Grand Nature Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, January 2009
- Wood Duck (adult female) Rio Grand Nature Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, December 2004
- Wood Duck (adult male, front) Rio Grand Nature Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, January 2009
- Wood Duck (adult male, side) Rio Grand Nature Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, March 1999
- Wood Duck (three immature on log) Springbrook Nature Center, Fridley Minnesota, August 1996
424: Gadwall Anas strepera
- Gadwall (male) Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge New Mexico, January 2008
- Gadwall (male) Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge New Mexico, January 2008
- Gadwall Rio Grande Nature Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, December 2004
427: American Wigeon Anas americana
429: African Black Duck Anas sparsa
430: American Black Duck Anas rubripes
431: Mottled Duck Anas fulvigula
432: Mallard Anas platyrhynchos
438: Yellow-billed Duck Anas undulata
440: Blue-winged Teal Anas discors
441: Cinnamon Teal Anas cyanoptera
445: Northern Shoveler Anas clypeata
- Northern Shoveler (breeding plumage male) Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge New Mexico,
January 2009
- Northern Shoveler (male dabbling) Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge New Mexico,
January 2009
- Northern Shoveler (male and female) Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge New Mexico,
January 2008
- Northern Shoveler (female) Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico, January 2008
- Northern Shoveler (worn plumage male) Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico,
December 2005
- Northern Shoveler (female) Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico, December 2005
- Northern Shoveler (first winter male?) Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico,
January 2000
451: White-cheeked Pintail Anas bahamensis
452: Red-billed Duck Anas erythrorhyncha
454: Northern Pintail Anas acuta
459: Green-winged Teal Anas crecca
470: Canvasback Aythya valisineria
471: Redhead Aythya americana
472: Ring-necked Duck Aythya collaris
479: Greater Scaup Aythya marila
480: Lesser Scaup Aythya affinis
482: King Eider Somateria spectabilis
486: Harlequin Duck Histrionicus histrionicus
487: Long-tailed Duck Clangula hyemalis
490: White-winged Scoter Melanitta fusca
491: Common Goldeneye Bucephala clangula
492: Barrow's Goldeneye Bucephala islandica
493: Bufflehead Bucephala albeola
495: Hooded Merganser Lophodytes cucullatus
- Hooded Merganser Rio Grande Nature Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, January 2009
497: Red-breasted Merganser Mergus serrator
499: Common Merganser Mergus merganser
17 Picidae: Woodpeckers
571: Red-headed Woodpecker Melanerpes erythrocephalus
572: Acorn Woodpecker Melanerpes formicivorus
573: Black-cheeked Woodpecker Melanerpes pucherani
582: Yucatan Woodpecker Melanerpes pygmaeus
583: Red-crowned Woodpecker Melanerpes rubricapillus
584: Gila Woodpecker Melanerpes uropygialis
585: Red-bellied Woodpecker Melanerpes carolinus
587: Golden-fronted Woodpecker Melanerpes aurifrons
589 Yellow-bellied Sapsucker Sphyrapicus varius
590: Red-naped Sapsucker Sphyrapicus nuchalis
592: Williamson's Sapsucker Sphyrapicus thyroideus
647: Ladder-backed Woodpecker Picoides scalaris
648: Downy Woodpecker Picoides pubescens
651: Hairy Woodpecker Picoides villosus
653: Three-toed Woodpecker Picoides tridactylus
676: Golden-olive Woodpecker Piculus rubiginosus
681: Northern Flicker Colaptes auratus
688: Cinnamon Woodpecker Celeus loricatus
699: Pileated Woodpecker Dryocopus pileatus
700: Lineated Woodpecker Dryocopus lineatus
710: Crimson-crested Woodpecker Campephilus melanoleucos
19 Lybiidae: African Barbets
807: Black-collared Barbet Lybius torquatus
814: Crested Barbet Trachyphonus vaillantii
20 Ramphastidae: New World Barbets and Allies
825: Black-spotted Barbet Capito niger
828: Red-headed Barbet Eubucco bourcierii
833: Emerald Toucanet Aulacorhynchus prasinus
839: Lettered Aracari Pteroglossus inscriptus
846: Collared Aracari Pteroglossus torquatus
863: Keel-billed Toucan Ramphastos sulfuratus
869: Chestnut-mandibled Toucan Ramphastos swainsonii
872: Cuvier's Toucan Ramphastos cuvieri
22 Bucconidae: Puffbirds
892: White-necked Puffbird Notharchus macrorhynchos
910: White-whiskered Puffbird Malacoptila panamensis
923: Yellow-billed Nunbird Monasa flavirostris
25 Upupidae: Hoopoes
982: African Hoopoe Upupa africana
28 Trogonidae: Trogons
1002: Slaty-tailed Trogon Trogon massena
1007: White-tailed Trogon Trogon viridis
1015: Black-throated Trogon Trogon rufus
1018: Violaceous Trogon Trogon violaceus
32 Momotidae: Motmots
1050: Broad-billed Motmot Electron platyrhynchum
1052: Turquoise-browed Motmot Eumomota superciliosa
1053: Rufous Motmot Baryphthengus martii
1056: Blue-crowned Motmot Momotus momota
- Blue-crowned Motmot (nest hole) Boquete, Panama, February 2009
- Blue-crowned Motmot Boquete, Panama, February 2009
- Blue-crowned Motmot (back) La Estancia del Encanto, Altos del Maria, Panama, March 2008
- Blue-crowned Motmot La Estancia del Encanto, Altos del Maria, Panama, March 2008
- Blue-crowned Motmot Chichen Itza Mexico, December 2000
36 Cerylidae: Cerylid Kingfishers
1150: Belted Kingfisher Megaceryle alcyon
1151: Ringed Kingfisher Megaceryle torquata
38 Coliidae: Mousebirds
1183: Speckled Mousebird Colius striatus
40 Centropidae: Coucals
1294: Burchell's Coucal Centropus burchelli
41 Coccyzidae: American Cuckoos
1305: Dark-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus melacoryphus
1309: Squirrel Cuckoo Piaya cayana
42 Opisthocomidae: Hoatzin
1316: Hoatzin Opisthocomus hoazin
- Hoatzin La Selva Lodge Ecuador, June 1999
- Hoatzin La Selva Lodge Ecuador, June 1999
43 Crotophagidae: Anis and Allies
1317: Greater Ani Crotophaga major
1318: Smooth-billed Ani Crotophaga ani
1319: Groove-billed Ani Crotophaga sulcirostris
44 Neomorphidae: Roadrunners
1325: Greater Roadrunner Geococcyx californianus
45 Psittacidae: Parrots
1545: Blue-and-yellow Macaw Ara ararauna
1575: Olive-throated Parakeet Aratinga nana
1578: Brown-throated Parakeet Aratinga pertinax
1624: Orange-chinned Parakeet Brotogeris jugularis
1652: Blue-headed Parrot Pionus menstruus
- Blue-headed Parrot Panama Rainforest Discovery Center Observation Tower, Gamboa, Panama,
August 2008
1662: White-fronted Parrot Amazona albifrons
1670: Red-lored Parrot Amazona autumnalis
or Red-lored Amazon Amazona autumnalis [Ridgely and Gwynne 1989]
1680: Yellow-crowned Parrot Amazona ochrocephala
46 Apodidae: Typical Swifts
1702: White-collared Swift Streptoprocne zonaris
1753: Band-rumped Swift Chaetura spinicauda
1757: Chimney Swift Chaetura pelagica
1758: Vaux's Swift Chaetura vauxi
1762: White-throated Swift Aeronautes saxatalis
1769: Lesser Swallow-tailed Swift Panyptila cayennensis
1785: Little Swift Apus affinis
48 Trochilidae: Hummingbirds
1803: Long-tailed Hermit Phaethornis superciliosus
1820: Little Hermit Phaethornis longuemareus
1829: Scaly-breasted Hummingbird Phaeochroa cuvierii
1836: Violet Sabrewing Campylopterus hemileucurus
- Violet Sabrewing (male) Tinamou Cottage, Boquete, Panama, February 2009
- Violet Sabrewing (female) Tinamou Cottage, Boquete, Panama, February 2009
- Violet Sabrewing (female, tail spread) Tinamou Cottage, Boquete, Panama, February 2009
1845: Green Violet-ear Colibri thalassinus
1850: Black-throated Mango Anthracothorax nigricollis
1859: Violet-headed Hummingbird Klais guimeti
1878: Fork-tailed Emerald Chlorostilbon canivetii
1879: Garden Emerald Chlorostilbon assimilis
- Garden Emerald (female flying) Canopy Lodge, El Valle, Panama, March 2008
- Garden Emerald (male flying) Canopy Lodge, El Valle, Panama, March 2008
- Garden Emerald (male perched - back) Canopy Lodge, El Valle, Panama, March 2008
- Garden Emerald (male perched - side) Canopy Lodge, El Valle, Panama, March 2008
- Garden Emerald (immature male perched) Canopy Lodge, El Valle, Panama, March 2008
- Garden Emerald (immature male flying) Canopy Lodge, El Valle, Panama, March 2008
1892: Broad-billed Hummingbird Cynanthus latirostris
1895: Blue-crowned Woodnymph Thalurania colombica or Violet-crowned Woodnymph Thalurania colombica
1897: Fork-tailed Woodnymph Thalurania furcata
1901: Violet-bellied Hummingbird Damophila julie
1935: Blue-chested Hummingbird Amazilia amabilis
1948: Snowy-breasted Hummingbird Amazilia edward
or Snowy-bellied Hummingbird Amazilia edward [Ridgely and Gwynne 1989]
1949: Cinnamon Hummingbird Amazilia rutila
1951: Rufous-tailed Hummingbird Amazilia tzacatl
1955: Violet-crowned Hummingbird Amazilia violiceps
1963: White-vented Plumeleteer Chalybura buffonii
1964: Bronze-tailed Plumeleteer Chalybura urochrysia
1966: Blue-throated Hummingbird Lampornis clemenciae
1987: Magnificent Hummingbird Eugenes fulgens
2073: Purple-crowned Fairy Heliothryx barroti
- Purple-crowned Fairy Panama Rainforest Discovery Center Observation Tower, Gamboa, Panama,
August 2008
2078: Long-billed Starthroat Heliomaster longirostris
2091: Ruby-throated Hummingbird Archilochus colubris
2092: Black-chinned Hummingbird Archilochus alexandri
2099: Calliope Hummingbird Stellula calliope
- Calliope Hummingbird (adult male side with head up)
Yrisarri, New Mexico, August 2007
- Calliope Hummingbird (adult male side) Yrisarri, New Mexico, August 2007
- Calliope Hummingbird (adult male front) Yrisarri, New Mexico, August 2007
- Calliope Hummingbird (female/juvenile drinking) Yrisarri, New Mexico, August 2007
- Calliope Hummingbird (gorget) Sapillo Crossing New Mexico, August 1998
- Calliope Hummingbird (face) Sapillo Crossing New Mexico, August 1998
2111: Broad-tailed Hummingbird Selasphorus platycercus
- Broad-tailed Hummingbird (female perched with wings up)
Yrisarri, New Mexico, August 2007
- Broad-tailed Hummingbird (adult male) Yrisarri, New Mexico, August 2007
-
Broad-tailed Hummingbird (subadult with Rufous Hummingbird approaching) Yrisarri, New Mexico, August 2007
- Broad-tailed Hummingbird (juvenile) Yrisarri, New Mexico, August 2007
- Broad-tailed Hummingbird (two feeding together) Yrisarri, New Mexico, August 2007
- Broad-tailed Hummingbird (gorget) Tijeras New Mexico, August 1998
- Broad-tailed Hummingbird (tongue) Tijeras New Mexico, August 1998
2112: Rufous Hummingbird Selasphorus rufus
- Rufous Hummingbird (juvenile female head up)
Yrisarri, New Mexico, August 2007
- Rufous Hummingbird (adult male side)
Yrisarri, New Mexico, August 2007
- Rufous Hummingbird (adult male front)
Yrisarri, New Mexico, August 2007
- Rufous Hummingbird (female perched with wings up)
Yrisarri, New Mexico, August 2007
- Rufous Hummingbird (juvenile from side)
Yrisarri, New Mexico, August 2007
- Rufous Hummingbird (adult male flying with Broad-tailed Hummingbirds)
Yrisarri, New Mexico, August 2007
- Rufous Hummingbird (adult male with head up)
Yrisarri, New Mexico, August 2007
- Rufous Hummingbird (adult male with head down)
Yrisarri, New Mexico, August 2007
- Rufous Hummingbird (juvenile female)
Yrisarri, New Mexico, August 2007
- Rufous Hummingbird (subadult male with head turned)
Yrisarri, New Mexico, August 2007
- Rufous Hummingbird (female flying front) Yrisarri, New Mexico, August 2007
- Rufous Hummingbird Sapillo Crossing New Mexico, July 1998
2115: Scintillant Hummingbird Selasphorus scintilla
51 Strigidae: Typical Owls
2204: Great Horned Owl Bubo virginianus
2226: Snowy Owl Nyctea scandiaca
2233: Barred Owl Strix varia
- Barred Owl Springbrook Nature Center, Fridley, Minnesota, December 1997
2239: Great Gray Owl Strix nebulosa
2240: Mottled Owl Strix virgata
- Mottled Owl Canopy Adventure, El Valle, Panama, March 2008
2247: Spectacled Owl Pulsatrix perspicillata
2250: Northern Hawk Owl Surnia ulula
2280: Burrowing Owl Speotyto cunicularia or Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia [Sibley 2000]
2281: Boreal Owl Aegolius funereus
2306: Long-eared Owl Asio otus
58 Caprimulgidae: Nightjars and Allies
2336: Great Potoo Nyctibius grandis
- Great Potoo Canopy Tower Road, Gamboa, Panama, August 2008
2354: Lesser Nighthawk Chordeiles acutipennis
2355: Common Nighthawk Chordeiles minor
2359: Pauraque Nyctidromus albicollis
- Pauraque La Selva Lodge Ecuador, June 1999
60 Columbidae: Pigeons
2432: Rock Pigeon Columba livia or Rock Dove Columba livia [Sibley 2000]
2435: Speckled Pigeon Columba guinea
2463: White-crowned Pigeon Columba leucocephala
2464: Scaled Pigeon Columba speciosa
- Scaled Pigeon Panama Rainforest Discovery Center Observation Tower, Gamboa, Panama, August 2008
2469: Band-tailed Pigeon Columba fasciata
2472: Pale-vented Pigeon Columba cayennensis
2473: Red-billed Pigeon Columba flavirostris
2490: Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis
2494: Ring-necked Dove Streptopelia capicola
2496: Red-eyed Dove Streptopelia semitorquata
2497: Eurasian Collared-Dove Streptopelia decaocto
2542: Mourning Dove Zenaida macroura
2546: White-winged Dove Zenaida asiatica
2547: Galapagos Dove Zenaida galapagoensis
2550: Common Ground-Dove Columbina passerina
2552: Ruddy Ground-Dove Columbina talpacoti
2565: White-tipped Dove Leptotila verreauxi
63 Gruidae: Cranes
2777: Sandhill Crane Grus canadensis
2783: Whooping Crane Grus americana
69 Rallidae: Rails
2826: White-throated Crake Laterallus albigularis
2853: Virginia Rail Rallus limicola
2870: Grey-necked Wood-Rail Aramides cajanea
2891: Sora Porzana carolina
- Sora Madison Wisconsin, May 1996
2913: Purple Swamphen Porphyrio porphyrio
2917: Purple Gallinule Porphyrio martinicus
2922: Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus
2929: Common Coot Fulica atra
2931: American Coot Fulica americana
74 Scolopacidae: Snipe and Allies
2975: Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago
2989: Hudsonian Godwit Limosa haemastica
2990: Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica
2991: Marbled Godwit Limosa fedoa
2994: Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus
2998: Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus
3006: Greater Yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca
3007: Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes
3013: Spotted Sandpiper Tringa macularia or Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularia [Sibley 2000]
3014: Grey-tailed Tattler Tringa brevipes or Gray-tailed Tattler Tringa brevipes [Sibley 2000]
3015: Wandering Tattler Tringa incana
3016: Willet Catoptrophorus semipalmatus
- Willet Bonita Beach Florida, September 1996
3019: Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres
3020: Black Turnstone Arenaria melanocephala
3022: Long-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus scolopaceus
3024: Surfbird Aphriza virgata
3027: Sanderling Calidris alba
3028: Semipalmated Sandpiper Calidris pusilla
3029: Western Sandpiper Calidris mauri
3034: Least Sandpiper Calidris minutilla
3036: Baird's Sandpiper Calidris bairdii
3037: Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos
3040: Rock Sandpiper Calidris ptilocnemis
3041: Dunlin Calidris alpina
- Dunlin St. Paul, Pribilof Islands Alaska, June 1997
3049: Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus
3050: Red Phalarope Phalaropus fulicaria
76 Jacanidae: Jacanas
3059: Northern Jacana Jacana spinosa
3060: Wattled Jacana Jacana jacana
- Wattled Jacana (feet exposed) Gamboa Rainforest Resort, Gamboa, Panama, February 2009
- Wattled Jacana (side) Gamboa Rainforest Resort, Gamboa, Panama, February 2009
- Wattled Jacana (front) Gamboa Rainforest Resort, Gamboa, Panama, February 2009
- Wattled Jacana (juvenile) Gamboa Rainforest Resort, Gamboa, Panama, February 2009
77 Chionidae: Sheathbills
3061: Snowy Sheathbill Chionis alba
80 Charadriidae: Plovers and Allies
3077: Black Oystercatcher Haematopus bachmani
3078: American Oystercatcher Haematopus palliatus
3085: Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus
3088: Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus
3092: American Avocet Recurvirostra americana
- American Avocet Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge New Mexico, March 2000
- American Avocet unknown National Wildlife Refuge Texas, October 1999
3097: American Golden-Plover Pluvialis dominica
3098: Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola
or Black-bellied Plover Pluvialis squatarola [Sibley 2000]
3101: Semipalmated Plover Charadrius semipalmatus
3105: Killdeer Charadrius vociferus
- Killdeer Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge New Mexico, July 1998
3126: Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus
3143: Blacksmith Lapwing Vanellus armatus
3154: Crowned Lapwing Vanellus coronatus
3159: Southern Lapwing Vanellus chilensis
82 Laridae: Gulls and Allies
3180: Southern Skua Catharacta antarctica
3199: Mew Gull Larus Canus
3201: Ring-billed Gull Larus delawarensis
3203: Great Black-backed Gull Larus marinus
3204: Kelp Gull Larus dominicanus
3205: Glaucous-winged Gull Larus glaucescens
3208: Glaucous Gull Larus hyperboreus
3210: Herring Gull Larus argentatus
3223: Common Black-headed Gull Larus ridibundus
3225: Bonaparte's Gull Larus philadelphia
3230: Lava Gull Larus fuliginosus
3231: Laughing Gull Larus atricilla
3232: Franklin's Gull Larus pipixcan
3237: Swallow-tailed Gull Creagrus furcatus
3238: Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla
3239: Red-legged Kittiwake Rissa brevirostris
3241: Caspian Tern Sterna caspia
3243: Royal Tern Sterna maxima
3248: Sandwich Tern Sterna sandvicensis
3253: Common Tern Sterna hirundo
3254: Arctic Tern Sterna paradisaea
3255: Antarctic Tern Sterna vittata
3257: Forster's Tern Sterna forsteri
3277: Brown Noddy Anous stolidus
3285: Common Murre Uria aalge
3286: Thick-billed Murre Uria lomvia
3290: Pigeon Guillemot Cepphus columba
3299: Parakeet Auklet Cyclorrhynchus psittacula
3300: Crested Auklet Aethia cristatella
3302: Least Auklet Aethia pusilla
3303: Rhinoceros Auklet Cerorhinca monocerata
3305: Horned Puffin Fratercula corniculata
3306: Tufted Puffin Fratercula cirrhata
83 Accipitridae: Hawks and Allies
3307: Osprey Pandion haliaetus
- Osprey Boca Raton Florida, August 1996
3323: Swallow-tailed Kite Elanoides forficatus
3331: Snail Kite Rostrhamus sociabilis
3333: Double-toothed Kite Harpagus bidentatus
3348: Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus
3389: Northern Harrier Circus cyaneus
- Northern Harrier Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge New Mexico, March 2000
3427: Little Sparrowhawk Accipiter minullus
3439: Sharp-shinned Hawk Accipiter striatus
3443: Cooper's Hawk Accipiter cooperii
- Cooper's Hawk Rio Grand Nature Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, March 1999
3448: Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis
3461: Barred Hawk Leucopternis princeps
3470: Common Black-Hawk Buteogallus anthracinus
3472: Great Black-Hawk Buteogallus urubitinga
3479: Grey Hawk Asturina plagiatus
3481: Roadside Hawk Buteo magnirostris
3482: Red-shouldered Hawk Buteo lineatus
3484: Broad-winged Hawk Buteo platypterus
3488: Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni
3490: Galapagos Hawk Buteo galapagoensis
3495: Red-tailed Hawk Buteo jamaicensis
- Red-tailed Hawk (flying) Pipa de Agua, Boquete, Panama, February 2009
- Red-tailed Hawk Yrisarri, New Mexico, January 2009
- Red-tailed Hawk (flying, back) Rio Grande Nature Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, January 2009
- Red-tailed Hawk (flying, belly) Rio Grande Nature Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, October 1999
3502: Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis
3503: Rough-legged Hawk Buteo lagopus
3542: Ornate Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus ornatus
3458: Crane Hawk Geranospiza caerulescens
- Crane Hawk old Gamboa Road, Gamboa, Panama, August 2008
85 Falconidae: Falcons
3554: Yellow-headed Caracara Milvago chimachima
3557: Barred Forest-Falcon Micrastur ruficollis
3579: American Kestrel Falco sparverius
3605: Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus
86 Podicipedidae: Grebes
3615: Least Grebe Tachybaptus dominicus
3621: Red-necked Grebe Podiceps grisegena
3616: Pied-billed Grebe Podilymbus podiceps
3623: Horned Grebe Podiceps auritus
3624: Black-necked Grebe Podiceps nigricollis
or Eared Grebe Podiceps nigricollis [Sibley 2000]
3629: Western Grebe Aechmophorus occidentalis
87 Phaethontidae: Tropicbirds
3631: Red-billed Tropicbird Phaethon aethereus
88 Sulidae: Boobies
3638: Blue-footed Booby Sula nebouxii
3640: Masked Booby Sula dactylatra
89 Anhingidae: Anhingas
3643: Anhinga Anhinga anhinga
3644: African Darter Anhinga rufa
90 Phalacrocoracidae: Cormorants
3647: Long-tailed Cormorant Phalacrocorax africanus
3654: Flightless Cormorant Phalacrocorax harrisi
3657: Neotropic or Olivaceous Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus
3658: Double-crested Cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus
3662: Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo
3669: Antarctic Shag Phalacrocorax bransfieldensis
3678: Red-faced Cormorant Phalacrocorax urile
3679: Pelagic Cormorant Phalacrocorax pelagicus
91 Ardeidae: Herons
3688: Tricolored Heron Egretta tricolor
3690: Little Blue Heron Egretta caerulea
3694: Snowy Egret Egretta thula
3699: Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias
3700: Cocoi Heron Ardea cocoi
3707: Purple Heron Ardea purpurea
3709: Great Egret Casmerodius albus or Great Egret Ardea Alba [Sibley 2000]
3711: Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis
3718: Striated Heron or Little Heron Butorides striatus
3719: Green Heron Butorides virescens
- Green Heron Springbrook Nature Center, Fridley Minnesota, June 1996
3720: Galapagos Heron Butorides sundevalli
3722: Yellow-crowned Night-Heron Nyctanassa violacea
3723: Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax
3729: Boat-billed Heron Cochlearius cochlearia
3732: Rufescent Tiger-Heron Tigrisoma lineatum
92 Scopidae: Hamerkop
3749: Hamerkop Scopus umbretta
- Hamerkop Potchefstroom South Africa, March 1999
93 Phoenicopteridae: Flamingos
3750: Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus ruber
94 Threskiornithidae: Ibises
3755: White Ibis Eudocimus albus
3759: White-faced Ibis Plegadis chihi
3767: Hadada Ibis Bostrychia hagedash
3774: Sacred Ibis Threskiornis aethiopicus
3784: African Spoonbill Platalea alba
95 Pelecanidae: Pelecans and Allies
3794: American White Pelican Pelecanus erythrorhynchos
3795: Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis
- Brown Pelican (nonbreeding adult and immature in flight) Playa Las Lajas, Panama, February 2009
- Brown Pelican (nonbreeding adult in flight) Playa Las Lajas, Panama, February 2009
- Brown Pelican (wave skimming) Playa Las Lajas, Panama, February 2009
- Brown Pelican (immature) Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos Ecuador, June 1999
- Brown Pelican (adult) Cancun Mexico, November 1997
- Brown Pelican (immature) Bonito Beach Florida, September 1996
96 Ciconiidae: Storks and Allies
3797: Black Vulture Coragyps atratus
- Black Vultures (on beach) Gamboa Rainforest Resort, Gamboa, Panama, August 2008
- Black Vulture La Estancia del Encanto, Altos del Maria, Panama, March 2008
- Black Vulture (flying) Altos del Maria, Panama, March 2008
- Black Vulture Chichen Itza Mexico, December 2000
- Black Vulture (wings extended) Cozumel Mexico, November 1997
3798: Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura
3804: Wood Stork Mycteria americana
97 Fregatidae: Frigatebirds
3823: Magnificent Frigatebird Fregata magnificens
3825: Great Frigatebird Fregata minor
98 Spheniscidae: Penguins
3830: Gentoo Penguin Pygoscelis papua
3831: Adelie Penguin Pygoscelis adeliae
3832: Chinstrap Penguin Pygoscelis antarctica
3837: Macaroni Penguin Eudyptes chrysolophus
3844: Galapagos Penguin Spheniscus mendiculus
99 Gaviidae: Loons
3847: Pacific Loon Gavia pacifica
3848: Common Loon Gavia immer
- Common Loon Coon Rapids Dam, Coon Rapid, Minnesota, April 1997
100 Procellariidae: Petrels and Allies
3852: Northern Fulmar Fulmarus glacialis
3855: Cape Petrel Daption capense
3876: Galapagos Petrel Pterodroma phaeopygia
3920: Audubon's Shearwater Puffinus lherminieri
3932: Waved Albatross Diomedea irrorata
3936: Black-browed Albatross Diomedea melanophris
3952: Wedge-rumped Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma tethys
105 Tyrannidae: Tyrant Flycatchers and Allies
4019: Olive-striped Flycatcher Mionectes olivaceus
4062: Common Tody-Flycatcher Todirostrum cinereum
4064: Black-headed Tody-Flycatcher Todirostrum nigriceps
4083: Paltry Tyrannulet Zimmerius vilissimus
- Paltry Tyrannulet Pipa de Agua, Boquete, Panama, February 2009
- Paltry Tyrannulet (back) Pipa de Agua, Boquete, Panama, February 2009
- Paltry Tyrannulet La Mesa, El Valle, Panama, March 2008
- Paltry Tyrannulet (belly) La Mesa, El Valle, Panama, March 2008
4090: White-lored Tyrannulet Ornithion inerme
4094: Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet Camptostoma obsoletum
4095: Mouse-colored Tyrannulet Phaeomyias murina
4103: Yellow-crowned Tyrannulet Tyrannulus elatus
4111: Caribbean Elaenia Elaenia martinica
4112: Yellow-bellied Elaenia Elaenia flavogaster
4123: Lesser Elaenia Elaenia chiriquensis
4124: Mountain Elaenia Elaenia frantzii
4187: Scale-crested Pygmy-Tyrant Lophotriccus pileatus
4187: Yellow-olive Flycatcher Tolmomyias sulphurescens
4220: Ruddy-tailed Flycatcher Myiobius erythrurus
4234: Tufted Flycatcher Mitrephanes phaeocercus
4236: Olive-sided Flycatcher Contopus borealis
4238: Dark Pewee Contopus lugubris
- Dark Pewee Pipa de Agua, Boquete, Panama, February 2009
4241: Western Wood-Pewee Contopus sordidulus
4242: Eastern Wood-Pewee Contopus virens
4243: Tropical Pewee Contopus cinereus
4250-4251: Traill's Flycatcher Superspecies
The Alder Flycatcher (Empidonax alnorum) and Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii) are visually indistinguishable in
the field and are lumped together here. Birds positively identified via songs or calls are listed with the individual species name;
otherwise birds are listed as Traill's Flycatcher.
- Traill's Flycatcher Altos del Maria, Panama, February 2009
- Traill's Flycatcher Altos del Maria, Panama, March 2008
- Traill's Flycatcher (better view of beak) Altos del Maria, Panama, March 2008
4253: Least Flycatcher Empidonax minimus
4255: Grey Flycatcher Empidonax wrightii or Gray Flycatcher Empidonax wrightii [Sibley 2000]
4259: Cordilleran Flycatcher Empidonax occidentalis
4260: Yellowish Flycatcher Empidonax flavescens
4263: Eastern Phoebe Sayornis phoebe
4264: Say's Phoebe Sayornis saya
4265: Black Phoebe Sayornis nigricans
- Black Phoebe Rio Grande Nature Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, July 1998
4266: Vermilion Flycatcher Pyrocephalus rubinus
4343: Bright-rumped Attila Attila spadiceus
4354: Dusky-capped Flycatcher Myiarchus tuberculifer